Middle Velzen (1 jan 1460 ano – 1 jan 1630 ano)

Descrição:

Sound Changes between Old Velzen and Middle Velzen:
Raising of mid vowels in unstressed syllables:
/e/ > /ɪ/ and /o/ > /ʊ/ in unstressed positions, especially in open syllables
Exe. Soldier = (OV) /ˈrekʲaɾ/ > (MV) /ˈɾɪkʲaɾ/

Monopthongization of palatal-initiated diphthongs
/ja/ > /ɛ/ or /e/ in unstressed syllables; /jo/ > /ø/

Loss of unstressed final high vowels:
Final /u, i/ drop unless morphologically functional

Consonant shifts
Voicing assimilation in clusters
/ʦ/ > /ʣ/, /sp/ > /zb/ between vowels or voiced consonants

Palatal stops and clusters simplify
/kj/ > /ʧ/, /gj/ > /ʤ/ in more conservative forms, /ʃ/, /ʒ/ in colloquial speech

Intervocalic fricative weakening:
/v/ > /β/ or disappears in rapid speech, especially between back vowels

Prosody and Stress:
Stress shift to earlier syllables in longer words, leading to secondary vowel reduction in later syllables
Shortening of long vowels in stressed syllables when followed by clusters

Morphological Effects
Borrowing: Oipientian influence mainly visible in political/administrative lexicon
Derivation: retains Ioponic-derived compounding strategies for place names and institutions (a lot of city names and place names still retain the nominative gender endings, albeit evolved through sound change)

Adicionado na linha do tempo:

Data: