Cattle Ranching & The Rise of Cowboys (1 jan 1860 ano – 1 jan 1890 ano)

Descrição:

- Demand for beef in Eastern cities increased after the Civil War, leading to the expansion of cattle ranching.
- Cowboys herded longhorn cattle from Texas to railroad hubs in cities like Dodge City and Abilene, Kansas (famous cattle towns).
- The invention of barbed wire (1874) ended the open range system by allowing farmers and ranchers to fence off land, leading to range wars between ranchers and homesteaders.
- 25% of cowboys were African American—many were former slaves who moved west seeking freedom and economic opportunity.

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