APA Enables Torture and Inequality *Jaya (Approximately 2001-2010s) (1 jan 2001 ano – 1 jan 2015 ano)

Descrição:

The American Psychological Association (APA) faced severe criticism for its association with post-9/11 interrogation practices, as publicized in the Hoffman Report published in 2015. The APA was reported to adjust its ethical guidelines to align with Defense Department interests, neglecting evidence of abusive interrogation methods. These actions have been characterized as institutional betrayals, disproportionately affecting marginalized groups (Gomez et al., 2016).

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