Tommasino Di Cerclaria (1 jan 1186 ano – 1 jan 1235 ano)

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https://www.treccani.it/enciclopedia/tommasino-di-cerclaria_%28Dizionario-Biografico%29/

an Italian Middle High German lyric poet. The epic poem Der Wälsche Gast (original: Der welhische gast, "The Romance stranger") is the only preserved work by him.

The few information relating to his biography derive almost exclusively from his work. He was originally from Friuli and probably belonged to a Cividale patrician family of mercantile origin, mentioned in various documents between the end of the century. XII and the beginning of the XIII. Especially known is a Bernardus de Circlaria, miles , who we find engaged among other things in shipowning activities in Venice, but it is not possible to establish his kinship with the Cerclaria.

C. must have been born not long after 1185: in 1215, in fact, while working on the second part of his treatise, he declared that he had not yet turned thirty. Apparently destined for an ecclesiastical career, he probably began his studies at the cathedral school in his hometown or at the similar school in Aquileia, where he was introduced to artes and theology. It is unlikely that he later went to university.

Thomasin's ancestry remains obscure. The noble Cerclaria dynasty from Cividale was among the ministeriales in the Patria del Friuli (Patriarchate of Aquileia), an ecclesiastical Imperial State in Italy. From about 1206 he was a canon of the cathedral chapter under Patriarch Wolfger von Erla, the former Bishop of Passau, who had already been a patron of Walther von der Vogelweide and Albrecht von Johansdorf.

The title wälsch/welsch (walhaz) refers to himself, as his mother tongue was Friulian and he apologizes in advance for any linguistic inadequacies. The poem has about 14,750 lines and is written in the Middle High German language with distinct Bavarian elements. According to Thomasin's own accounts he put it down within ten months in 1215/16. The poem became exceptionally popular and is rendered by 24 preserved medieval illuminated manuscripts. It seems that the miniature illustrations were also conceived by Thomasin himself.

The text is aimed at young nobles lecturing on courtesy, courtly love (minne), and chivalry, based on contemporary scholastic works on ethics, philosophy, and the liberal arts. The adoption of (Bavarian) Middle High German by a non-native speaker is a valuable contemporary source for linguistic researchers.

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