Ibn Khaldun (1 jan 1332 ano – 1 jan 1406 ano)

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Ibn Khaldun (/ˈɪbən xælˈduːn/; Arabic: أبو زيد عبد الرحمن بن محمد بن خلدون الحضرمي, Abū Zayd ‘Abd ar-Raḥmān ibn Muḥammad ibn Khaldūn al-Ḥaḍramī; 27 May 1332 – 17 March 1406) was a Muslim Arab[10] sociologist, philosopher, and historian[11][12] who has been described as the precursive founder of the proto-disciplines[13][14] that would become historiography, sociology, economics, and demography.[note 1][15][note 2] Niccolò Machiavelli of the Renaissance, Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel and 19th-century European scholars widely acknowledged the significance of his works and considered Ibn Khaldun to be one of the greatest philosophers of the Middle Ages.[16] And although this aspect of his work is not generally noted, The Muqaddimah also contains elements of what would become the critical study of religions, in Germany known as "Religionsgeschichte" and in English as "the history of religions".

His best-known book, the Muqaddimah or Prolegomena ("Introduction"), which he wrote in six months as he states in his autobiography,[17] influenced 17th-century and 19th-century Ottoman historians such as Kâtip Çelebi, Mustafa Naima and Ahmed Cevdet Pasha, who used its theories to analyze the growth and decline of the Ottoman Empire.[18] Ibn Khaldun interacted with Tamerlane, the founder of the Timurid Empire.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ibn_Khaldun

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