Open Door Policy in China: spheres of influence; Boxer Rebellion; Hay’s second round of notes (1 jan 1899 ano – 1 jan 1901 ano)

Descrição:

The sphere of influence was established in China by foreign powers such as Russia, Great Britain, Japan, Germany, and France in the 1890s which gave them access to trade between each other within that area. As these nations saw imperialism in the United States growing, they shut out access from the United States to intervene with this sphere. John Hay, McKinley Secretary of State, sent out a letter to these nations in which he asked them to accept all nations from having the same opportunities of trading in China, and when the nations did not say no this, he stated that they accepted this open-door policy. Towards the end of the 1800s China began to fear foreigners and nationalism and a Society of harmonious fists murdered and harmed several missionaries in China. In order to avoid Americans from being harmed, the United States government sent troops to Beijing and under the boxer rebellion; in addition, countries made China pay them for the damage done. As Hay saw the violence occurring in China, he decided to write another letter to national powers in which he explained that the United States wanted to help China and have equal trade with the Chinese empire.

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