History: Chinese 1900s timeline
Category: Outro
Atualizado: 19 jan 2018
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Created byIsabel Hong
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"Boxer Rebellion" in Northern China seeks to
stifle reforms in the Qing administration, drive
out foreigners and re-establish traditional rule.
Defeated by foreign intervention, with Western
powers, Russia and Japan extracting further
concessions from weakened Qing government.Military revolts by reform-minded officers lead
to proclamation of Republic of China under Sun
Yat-sen and abdication of last Qing emperor.
Republic struggles to consolidate its rule amid
regional warlordism and the rise of the
Communist Party.The death of Sun Yat-sen brings Chiang Kai-Shek
to the fore. He breaks with the Communists and
confirms to governing Kuomintang as a
nationalist party.Japan invades and gradually occupies more and
more of ChinaMao Zedong emerges as Communist leader
during the party's "Long March" to its new base
in Shaanxi Province.Kuomintang and Communists nominally unite
against Japanese. Civil war resumes after Japan's
defeat in Second World War.Mao Zedong, having led the Communists to
victory against the Nationalists after more than
20 years of civil war, proclaims the founding of
the People's Republic of China. The Nationalists
retreats to the island of Taiwan and set up a
government there.China sends people's Liberation Army (PLA)
troops into Tibet enforcing a longstanding claim.Mao launches the "Great Leap Forward", a five-
year economic plan. Farming is collectivized and
labor-intensive industry is introduced. The drive
produces economic breakdown and is
abandoned after two years. Disruption to
agriculture is blamed for the deaths by
starvation of millions of people following poor
harvests.Chinese forces suppress large-scale revolt in TibetBrief conflict with India over disputed Himalayan border."Cultural Revolution", Mao's 10 years political
and ideological campaign aimed at reviving
revolutionary spirit, produces massive social,
economic and political upheaval.US President Richard Nixon visits. Both countries
declare a desire to normalise relationsMao dies. "Gang of Four", including Mao's widow,
jockey for power but are arrested and convicted
of crimes against the state.Sun Yat-sen named "Provisional President"
Yuan Shi-kai brokers Qing "surrender"Establishment of Republic of ChinaYuan Shikai becomes first presidentSun Yat-sen establishes the "National People's
Party"Nationalists win first (and only) fully democratic
national election in China -- Yuan Shikai dissolves
new parliamentJapan inssues the "Twenty-One Demands"Yuan Shikai diesNational government in Beijing in hands of
loyalists of northers "Warlord" strongmenChinese Communist Party established the BeijingChiang Kai-shek consolidates power within
KMTThe "Nanjing Decade" -- KMT in control; capital
in NanjingChinese Communist Party in Jiangxi (in
southeast)-- Period of "Jiangxi Soviet"Japanese army stages phony "Mukden Incident"
as pretext to invade all Manchuria and establish
puppet state of ManchukuoChinese Communist Party in Yan'an (in
northwest) -- the "Yan'an PeriodChinese Communist Party introduces moderate
land reform in NorthDevelopment of Maoist ideology
"Yan'an Sprit" and leadership of "English Route
Army" (later "People's LIberation Army", or PLA)Chinese Communist Party leadership in hands o
of Mao (general leader & ideologue), Zhou Enlai
(diplomacy), Zhu De (military)Xi'an Incident-- Chiang Kai-shek kidnapped by
Zhang Xueliang. Chiang's release initiates KMT-
Chinese Communist Party United Front against
Japan (to 1942)The War of Resistance Against Japan begins with
Marco Polo Bridge IncidentKMT government retreats to Chongqing in southwestCivil War"Liberation"-- KMT forces retreats to Taiwan
Establishment of the Peole's Republic of ChinaKorean WarHundred Flowers CampaignSocialist Education Camapign
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