18 fev 1229 ano - Treaty of Jaffa

Descrição:

The Treaty of Jaffa, concluded on February 18, 1229, ended the Sixth Crusade, restoring Jerusalem, along with other territories, to the Kingdom of Jerusalem under Frederick II, Holy Roman Emperor. Negotiated over several months without direct meetings between Frederick and Sultan al-Kāmil of Egypt, the treaty was settled through envoys. Despite disagreements on the right to refortify Jerusalem, the city, excluding Muslim holy sites which remained under Islamic control, was ceded back to the Christians. The agreement, however, was viewed negatively in both the Muslim and Christian worlds, largely because of its secretive negotiation process and the controversial concessions made. The treaty allowed Christians access to Muslim holy sites in Jerusalem and was seen as a diplomatic, rather than military, victory.

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