23 ago 1153 ano - The Franks capture Ascalon

Descrição:

The siege of Ascalon in 1153 marked a critical point for the Kingdom of Jerusalem, resulting in the capture of this key Fatimid fortress. The battle was precipitated by the Fatimids' ability to launch raids from Ascalon into the crusader kingdom, posing a continuous threat. Despite the failure of the Second Crusade in 1148 and subsequent unsuccessful siege attempts, the victory was ultimately secured under King Baldwin III.

Background:
Ascalon was Fatimid Egypt’s most significant frontier fortress, remaining in Egyptian hands after the First Crusade despite a crusader victory outside its walls in 1099. The strategic location allowed for annual Fatimid raids into crusader territories, making its capture crucial for Jerusalem’s security.

The Siege:
In 1153, Baldwin III, buoyed by recent military successes and internal consolidation of power after a civil war, launched a determined assault on Ascalon. He was supported by the full strength of Jerusalem’s army and a naval contingent, cutting off Ascalon by land and sea. The siege involved constructing siege towers and enduring months of skirmishes. Despite a robust defense and attempts at relief from Egypt, a mishap with the defenders' attempt to burn a siege tower led to a breach in the city walls.

Surrender:
After bitter fighting, the city fell on August 19, 1153. The defenders were allowed to leave with their possessions, reflecting the crusaders' strategic interest in securing rather than plundering the city.

Aftermath:
The fall of Ascalon opened the gateway to Egypt and was a significant blow to Fatimid power, enhancing the security and territorial integrity of the Kingdom of Jerusalem. It later served as a base for further incursions into Egypt, although these were ultimately unsuccessful. Ascalon’s capture also led to its integration into the County of Jaffa, forming a crucial part of the crusader states.

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