4 jul 1863 ano - union wins battle at Vicksburg

Descrição:

before: May- Grant advances, Confederate leaders argue over response. Davis wanted to send an army to Tennessee to relieve Union pressure along the Miss. River. Lee (cocky after wins) wanted to invade the North to draw Grant east or cause a major Confederate victory to stop the North's will. Lee won.
June-Lee sents his army North through Maryland into PA. The Army of the Potomac positioned itself between Lee and Washington.

July 1-armies met by accident at Gettysberg, PA. Lee drove Union to guard the South of town. Union commander MEade got the high ground and called for reinforcements. By the 2nd, Meade had more numbers. Lee kept going, trying to attack the flanks but ultimately deciding on a dangerous frontal assault. This was the heaviest artillery barrage of the war. Lee had Pickett try to take Cemetery Ridge. THey faced gun fire and artillery. As the three-day battle ended, the Confederates counted 28,000 casualties — one-third of Lee’s Army of Northern Virginia — while 23,000 of Meade’s soldiers lay killed or wounded.

Meade-shocked by the mortality, let Confederates go -> Lincoln gets upset b/c he eas worried war would go on forever but it was better after Vicksburg

Vicksburg+Gettysburg: General Ulysses Grant mounted a major offensive to split the Confederacy in two. Grant drove south along the west bank of the Mississippi in Arkansas and then crossed the river near Vicksburg, Mississippi. There, he defeated two Confederate armies and laid siege to the city. After repelling Union assaults for six weeks, the exhausted and starving Vicksburg garrison surrendered on July 4, 1863.

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