1 jan 1905 ano - Divisione del Bengala

Descrição:

Lord Curzon e il Governatore del Bengala Andrew Fraser annunciano la divisione del Bengala. Scontri in tutto il Paese.

Il Congresso lancia il movimento svadeshī (lett. "del proprio paese") chiamando gli indiani al boicottaggio dei prodotti inglesi (7 agosto).

The Bengal Presidency encompassed Bengal, Bihar, parts of Chhattisgarh, Orissa, and Assam.[4]: 157  With a population of 78.5 million it was British India's largest province.[5]: 280  For decades British officials had maintained that the huge size created difficulties for effective management[4]: 156 [6]: 156  and had caused neglect of the poorer eastern region.[4]: 156–157  The idea of the partition had been brought up only for administrative reasons.[7]: 280  Therefore,[6]: 156  Curzon planned to split Orissa and Bihar and join fifteen eastern districts of Bengal with Assam. The eastern province held a population of 31 million, most of which was Muslim, with its centre at Dhaka.[4]: 157  Once the Partition was completed, Curzon pointed out that he thought of the new province as Muslim.[7]: 280  Lord Curzon's intention was not specifically to divide Hindus from Muslims, but only to divide Bengalis.[8]: 148  The Western districts formed the other province with Orissa and Bihar.[7]: 280  The union of western Bengal with Orissa and Bihar reduced the speakers of the Bengali language to a minority.[5]: 280  Muslims led by the Nawab Sallimullah of Dhaka supported the partition and Hindus opposed it.

Following the Partition of Bengal, which was a strategy set out by Lord Curzon to weaken the nationalist movement, Tilak encouraged the Swadeshi movement and the Boycott movement.[19] The movement consisted of the boycott of foreign goods and also the social boycott of any Indian who used foreign goods. The Swadeshi movement consisted of the usage of natively produced goods. Once foreign goods were boycotted, there was a gap which had to be filled by the production of those goods in India itself. Tilak said that the Swadeshi and Boycott movements are two sides of the same coin.

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