1 jan 1995 ano - (Russell and Norvig, 1995)

Descrição:

expert systems with the idea that knowledge engineers would encode the decision-making ability of clinicians into a knowledge base represented by a set of facts and rules that computers could execute algorithmically.
It was among the first successful forms of AI and could operate well in limited clinical situations, the medical field and variability of pathologies proved to be so broad and complex that encoding a set of rules that would contain all the relevant clinical information was too difficult to do by hand. 需要注意的是，早期该人工智能是基于手工设置的规则和逻辑的，在后期该逻辑设计将由人工智能的分支取代，直接从样例中学习。