19th century (jan 1, 1803 – jan 1, 1898)
Description:
1803 First phase of Padri War. (to 1825)
1808 Herman Willem Daendels the Governor-general of the Dutch East Indies (1808–1811) begin the construction of Java Great Post Road.
1811 August British invasion of Java during the Napoleonic Wars. Stamford Raffles was appointed as the Lieutenant-Governor of Java.
1814 November Raffles' wife, Olivia Mariamne Devenish died in Buitenzorg (now Bogor) in Java.
1814 Java returned to Dutch rule following the Anglo-Dutch Treaty of 1814.
1815 April Mount Tambora in Sumbawa island erupted, it was the largest volcanic eruption in recorded history that wiped Tambora culture and killed at least 71,000 people in total (including the aftermath). The eruption created global climate anomalies known as "volcanic winter".
1825 Java War (to 1830)
1831 Second phase of Padri War (to 1838)
1864 June The first railway track in Indonesia was laid between Semarang and Tanggung, Central Java by the Dutch colonial government.
1868 The Batavian Museum (today National Museum of Indonesia) was officially opened by Dutch East Indies government.
1870 Official dismantling of the Cultivation System and beginning of a 'Liberal Policy' of deregulated exploitation of the Netherlands East Indies.
1873 The beginning of the bloody Aceh War for Dutch occupation of the province.
1879 21 April Kartini was born in Jepara, today the date is commemorated as women's emancipation day in Indonesia.
1883 August Mount Krakatoa in Sunda Strait erupted, killed 36,417 people.
1888 Founding of the shipping line Koninklijke Paketvaart-Maatschappij (KPM) that supported the unification and development of the colonial economy.
1894 Lombok War The Dutch looted and destroyed the Cakranegara palace of Mataram. L. A. Brandes, a Dutch philologist discovered and secured Nagarakretagama manuscript in Lombok royal library.
1898 General van Heutz becomes chief of staff of Aceh campaign. Wilhelmina becomes queen of the Netherlands.
Added to timeline:
History of Indonesia
the centuries
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