James I (jan 1, 1566 – jan 1, 1701)

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King James I's reign, particularly his conflict with Parliament, significantly paved the way for the English Civil War. His belief in absolute monarchy, clashes over taxation, and disagreements about governance created lasting tensions that his son, Charles I, inherited and ultimately escalated into armed conflict. Believed in divine-right rule and Anglicanism, which led to conflict with the largely Puritan Parliament. Closest relative to Elizabeth I at the time of her death.

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