Bleeding Kansas, was a series of violent political confrontations in the United States between 1854 and 8161 involving anti-slavery Free States and pro-slavery Border Ruffian or southern elements of Kansas. At the heart of the conflict was the question of weather Kansas would allow or outlaw slavery, and thus enter the Union as a slave state or a free state. The Kansas- Nebraska Act of 1854 called for "popular sovereignty that is, the decision about slavery was able to be decided by votes or more exactly which side had more votes counted by officials.