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"Study Nature, Not Books"
A timeline of important events surrounding the nature study movement that affected American science education curriculum. Produced from The Science Education of American Girls, by Kim Tolley.
è stata creata
Christina Baze
⟶ è stato aggiornato 3 feb 2018 ⟶
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Eventi
1805 - Object teaching
1812 - No female teachers in America
1852 - Massachusetts passes first compulsory attendance laws for elementary school
1862 - Morrill Act
1887 - Hatch Act
1875 - Parker becomes superintendent of Quincy, MA schools
1891 - Jackman published Nature Study for the Common Schools curriculum
1880 - Inception of the Agassiz Association
1893 - Bureau of Nature Study established
1893 - Committee of Ten
1906 - Public Opinion publishes article "Industrial Competition of Women with Men"
1906 - Female teachers campaign for equal pay
1908 - American Nature Study Society founded with female president
1909 - Ella Flagg Young becomes superintendent of Chicago public schools
1911 - Equal pay for female teachers
1911 - Elementary teachers of Boston won legislative approval for $1000 salary
1912 - Article “The Feminizing of Culture” published
1912 - Article “The Monopolizing Woman Teachers” published
1918 - All states have compulsory attendance laws
1923 - League of Women Voters proclaim Anna Comstock one of 12 greatest women in America
1925 - nature study in virtually every curriculum
Periodi
Mid-1800s: textbooks begin to be devoted to individual sciences
1859-1864 - Percentage of female teachers more than doubles (from 20-46%)
1890s - 65% of teachers are female
1891-1915 - Peak of the nature study movement
1891-1893 - Agricultural Depression
1896-1897 - Oakland teachers begin to develop and implement a course of study for first 8 years of school
1896-1913 - Occurrences of female county superintendents rises
1920s - National Supervisors of Nature Study and Gardening
1921-22 - Women represent 87% of elementary and 64% secondary teachers