Martin Luther King (15 janv. 1929 – 4 avr. 1968)

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Martin Luther King was a black Christian minister during the Civil Rights Movement and played an integral role in the movement's success. He started his career in the black civil rights movement when he organized the popular Montgomery Bus Boycott in Alabama and scored a victory against the bus company there, as they were forced to end segregation on their buses or go bankrupt. As time went on, he would become probably the most popular and influential black civil rights leader, primarily due to his firm belief in the power of nonviolent protest to achieve goals. While there were many who doubted that nonviolence was effective at all, King proved that it was possibly the best form of protest. He argued that if blacks rose up in violent protest, that protest would be used a justification for their subjugation. However, if they were peaceful, the whites would humiliate themselves by attacking unarmed, peaceful protestors that didn't even attempt to resist. Therefore their brutality and cruelty towards blacks would become increasingly difficult to justify, and the movement would thus be strengthened. In addition, he was an eloquent speaker, and his "I Have A Dream" speech would go down in history as one of the most effective civil rights speeches ever given.

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