Umayyad (1 janv. 661 – 1 nov 750)

Description:

After Muhammad had died and the 4 Rightly Guided Caliphs had all died, the Umayyad family was able to conquer lands around their Mecca-centered caliphate and gain more land and power. This allowed for them to get more important cities, more people, and they were able to set up trade routes in order to gain more power. The Umayyads expanded Islamic territories further east and west and moved the capital to Damascus, which showed the empire was beginning to focus more on politics than religion. The Umayyads fell due to the fact that they got too big, and they used soldiers to govern over soldiers, which infuriated the Abbasid family (the next dynasty) and led to revolts and an overthrow of the Umayyad family.