Röntgen discovered x-rays, and Becquerel discovered radioactivity. (1 janv. 1895 – 23 h 59 min, 31 déc. 1895 ans)

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They utilized cathode rays and uranium-enriched substances.
Röntgen found that radiation penetrated matter, darkened photographic plates and caused fluorescence. He also discovered that x-rays couldn't be deflected by a magnet and therefore couldn't contain charged particles.
Becquerel accidentally discovered that exposing wrapped photographic plates to a uranium compound caused them to darken even without cathode rays. This spontaneous emission of particles and/or radiation was named radioactivity

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