Abbasid Caliphate (1 janv. 750 – 1 janv. 1258)

Description:

The Abbasid Caliphate immediately succeeded the Umayyad and lasted until 1258. It was characterized by strong leadership and an exponential growth in size; it expanded into northern Africa and up to Spain, dominating regional trade. Unlike the Umayyad, conversion to Islam was far more common. Intellectual growth characterized the caliphate, including development in astronomy, literature, paper-making, and medicine. However, it was difficult to maintain such a vast empire, and territories broke off. Internal and external conflict (from the Mongols) led to its collapse.