Inca (1 janv. 1438 – 1 janv. 1572)

Description:

Time Period: (15th c. - 16th c. ) C.E.
Location: Andes Mountains Region in South America


In the early 15th century, CUZCO, present day Peru, was the small center of one of several competing tribes. In about 55 years, Cuzco became the capital of the Inca Empire, which extended from present-day Ecuador in the North to Chile in the South.

S:

P:
-PACHACUTI, ruled from (1438-1471), his military victories made the Inca state into an empire
- His son YUPANQUI expanded the empire even more
- Empire split into 4 provinces, each with its own gov. and bureaucracy
-

I:
-Rulers stored rations from the people in warehouses so they could use it in times of famine
-

C:
-The Inca required all conquered peoples adopt to their ways --> not tolerant
-sometimes moved conquered people to new lands far away to weaken their resistance to Inca rule
-set up schools to teach religion, history and Inca language (QUECHUA)
-polytheistic
-human sacrifices
-ROYAL ANCESTOR VENERATION: Dead rulers were mummified and continued to "rule" as they believed that the rulers would retain ownership of their servants, possessions, and property
-honoring the Sun/ Sun god INTI
-animism

E:
-limited trade
-based on agriculture from crops like: corn potatoes, tomatoes, squash, peanuts, cocoa, and cotton
-used massive road way system called CARPA NAN

achievements:
QUIPU: system knotted strings used to record numerical information for trade
-MITA SYSTEM: mandatory public service

the fall:
-In 1532 Spanish conquistador Francisco Pizarro attacked Inca forces during their civil war
-maybe disease brought by Europeans
- Spanish forces killed / enslaved all the Incas

vocab:
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