Pre-industrial world: The burden of pregnancies was not the lack of contraception knowledge, but a suppression of the technology! (11 janv. 0 – 16 oct. 1750)

Description:

Pessaries most common
Tilting of the uterus
Douching with vinegar or so
different types of condoms


Use of pessaries, known as the most effective traditional contraceptive
Function: aiming to block the cervix
Effectiveness: most effective when used in combination with a spermicide
Egyptian: honey and natron/natural gum/crocodile dung = all of which melt at body temperature and then will be able to form a impenetrable covering over the cervix
Islamic medical writings: 13 different pessaries, rock salt as one
Sanskrit texts: rock salt
Indian work (1c.BC): rock salt + oil
OIL inside the vagina is one of the most commonly used folk contraceptives; known to retard the motility of sperm and clog the cervix
Aristoteles: olive or cedar oil
US midwest women: lard
Africa: chopped grass
Easter Island : algae seaweed
Islamic/greek: wool
Japan: bamboo balls
Slovac: rags of linen
Sponge - both cover the cervix and absorb sperm - most effective together with a spermicide

Tilting the uterus by manipulation - Java

Sterilization, sugical;
-cutting of the cervix and forcing to heal in an open position
-ovariectomies(removing of the ovaries)
Subincision for men: urethra opened the base of the ends so that both semen and urea emerged at a pain just on top of the testicle - not 100% preventing conception

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