Julian Steward (1 janv. 1902 – 1 janv. 1972)

Description:

ABOUT
- American, PhD at UC Berkeley and taught at Columbia, and U's of Illinois, Michigan, and Utah
- fieldwork with indigenous groups all over South America and with the Shoshone and Paiute in North America
- credited with establishing the sub-field of environmental anthropology

MAJOR WORKS
- Theory of Cultural Change: The Methodology of Multilinear Evolution (1955)
- Handbook of South American Indians (1946-1950)

CONTRIBUTIONS
- cultural ecology
- multilinear evolution
- regional ethnographic studies

CRITIQUES
- environmental determinism: focus on ecology underplays the role of human agency, cultural beliefs, and social relations in shaping cultural practices
- critics also argue that multilinear evolution still implies that societies follow predictable paths of development

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