de stijl (1 janv. 1917 – 1 janv. 1931)

Description:

de stijl implemented geometrical shapes (typically squares and rectangles) and simple, black lines along with few primary colours to create minimalist designs with the intention to make art 'universal'.

industrial design (2nd image) -
'the cassina red and blue chair' by gerrit t rietveld.

the chair was designed in the netherlands in 1918, though colour was not added until 1923. its production date was 1973.

the intended audience were anyone who wanted to purchase the chair; while still an important part of the movement, this design was ultimately commercial. as an armchair, rietveld's chair would have been placed in a living room, more for show than anything else as it is incredibly uncomfortable.

the chair is made of lacquered wood painted in the primary colours of red, yellow and blue along with black.

when this chair was finalized, world war i had recently ended and de stijl used humanity's broken state to try and remake the world in a better way.

de stijl was in direct opposition to art deco and nouveau's overabundance of decoration, and the movement's dutch founders decided to create a minimalist movement. the few colours and simple, rectangular shapes in rietveld's chair show the general intention of the de stijl movement, and hence it is one of the style's cornerstone pieces. rietveld opposed the arts and crafts movement, too, with his intent for the chair to be mass produced rather than hand-crafted.

many have christened rietveld's design "the most influential chair of the 20th century" as it paved the way for modern and abstract art.

sources:
https://www.cassina.com/en/collection/chairs/635-red-and-blue
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Red_and_Blue_Chair
http://terraingallery.org/art-criticism/gerrit-rietvelds-red-and-blue-chair-what-i-learned-about-rest-and-motion-in-myself/
https://www.telegraph.co.uk/travel/destinations/europe/netherlands/articles/de-stijl-the-most-important-art-movement-you-have-not-heard-of/

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