The Achaemenid Persian Empire (1 janv. 539 av. J.-C. – 1 janv. 332 av. J.-C.)

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The Achaemenid Empire, founded by Cyrus the Great in 550 BC, was the largest empire of its time, covering 5.5 million square kilometers across three continents. This empire, known for its sophisticated administrative systems and policy of cultural integration, stretched from the Balkans and Egypt in the west to the Indus Valley in the southeast. The empire's efficient bureaucracy and postal system, alongside a network of roads, facilitated trade and communication across diverse cultures. However, the empire met its end when conquered by Alexander the Great in 330 BC, leading to the Hellenistic period where former Achaemenid territories were largely absorbed into the Seleucid Empire and the Ptolemaic Kingdom.

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