Development of Greek city-states (11 janv. 750 av. J.-C. – 23 déc. 500 av. J.-C.)

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The development of Greek city-states, or "polis," was a pivotal aspect of ancient Greek history. Emerging around the 8th century BCE, these independent city-states were characterized by their distinct governments, such as democracy in Athens and oligarchy in Sparta. City-states fostered a sense of civic identity and competition, leading to remarkable achievements in philosophy, art, and warfare, with notable figures like Socrates, Plato, and Aristotle emerging from this intellectual milieu. These city-states played a central role in the Greco-Persian Wars and the eventual rise of Alexander the Great's empire, leaving an indelible mark on the course of Western Civilization

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