Roman Republic (1 janv. 509 av. J.-C. – 1 janv. 31 av. J.-C.)

Description:

In 509 BC they overthrew the king and established a new form of government called a republic. Under the Roman Re- public the administration of government was divided among three governing branches: the consuls, the Senate, and the assemblies. Two elected consuls replaced the king and held the imperium. They supervised the everyday affairs of government, commanded the Roman army, and served as the supreme judges of the land. Power was equally divided between the consuls; one could not act without the consent of the other. Each consul served a one-year term. The shortness of the term prevented a consul from becoming too powerful. From the early years of the republic to 366 BC, mem- bers of the patrician class held the office of consul exclusively. The Senate became the most important and most powerful body of the republic. Though the Senate was intended to serve the interests of all the people of Rome, it soon became an aristocratic body that safeguarded the powers of the patrician class

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