American War of Independance (1 janv. 1775 – 1 janv. 1783)

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1777 The French have remained neutral regarding the rebellion in Britain's colonies, but they have been supplying the rebels with guns and gunpowder. French volunteers begin joining the ranks of the revolutionaries, including a 20-year-old, the Marquis de Lafayette, who is seeking revenge for the death of his father and for France's loss of territory from the Seven Years' War.

1778 British ships land at Savannah (Decembr 29). A force of between 2500 and 3600 troops, which includes Britain's 71st Highland regiment, New York Loyalists, and Hessian mercenaries, begins a campaign in the South.

1779 A rebel force defeats a combined Indian and Loyalist force at what today is Elmira, New York (Aug 29). Following their victory, the rebels head northwest in retaliation against a campaign of terror against settlers. They destroy nearly 40 Cayuga and Seneca Indian villages.

1780 George Washington's most trusted general, General Gates, is chasing the British through the woods of South Carolina, into Virginia and back again into North Carolina. The British are low on supplies, stealing from the Americans and enraging them.

1781 During the American Revolutionary War, a French fleet drives a British naval force from Chesapeake Bay. The British general, Lord Cornwallis, is surrounded on land and sea by Americans and French and surrenders at Yorktown, Virginia.

1782 Britain's parliament advises King George III to make peace with the rebels in America. In Paris informal talks begin. The Dutch recognize the independence of the former colonies. Formal negotiations begin.

1783 King George has declared the thirteen colonies "free and independent." France and Spain sign articles of peace with Britain. In Paris, delegates from the colonies sign the Treaty of Peace.

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