Zhou Dynasty (1 janv. 1046 av. J.-C. – 31 déc. 772 av. J.-C.)

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The Zhou Dynasty in China lasted from 1046 BC to 256 BC and was one of the longest-lasting dynasties in Chinese history. The Zhou Era is divided into two main periods: the Western Zhou (1046 BC–771 BC) and the Eastern Zhou (771 BC–256 BC).

During the Zhou Dynasty, China experienced significant cultural, intellectual, and technological developments. The dynasty is known for its contributions to the development of Chinese philosophy, including Confucianism and Taoism, and for the creation of the "Mandate of Heaven" political theory, which held that the right to rule was granted by the gods and could be revoked if the ruler failed to govern justly.

The Zhou Dynasty was also a time of significant technological advancement, including the widespread use of iron tools and weapons and the development of new agricultural techniques. The dynasty was marked by significant territorial expansion, as the Zhou rulers gradually extended their control over neighboring states and territories.

Despite its many achievements, the Zhou Dynasty also experienced significant political instability, particularly during the later Eastern Zhou period, which was marked by the fragmentation of China into multiple independent states. The Zhou Dynasty came to an end with the establishment of the Qin Dynasty in 221 BC.

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