New political tendencies began to emerge amongst the Arabs (1 janv. 1908 – 1 janv. 1914)

Description:

Palestinian Arabs were increasingly concerned about the possibility that Zionism might threaten their political aspirations.
- Beginning of open Jewish and Arab conflict
- Explicit anti-Zionism developed
- First significant stirrings of local Arab patriotism and nationalist political activity

Zionist leaders began to acknowledge that Arab hostility involved more than localised and episodic disturbances and was beginning to reflect a “national hatred and jealousy”.
- Jews residing in the Yishuv were heavily exposed to Arab discontent
- Jews maintained their own language and culture and thought Arabs were uncivilised and not progressive (as the new Yishuv held Western values)

Different schools of thought on Jewish settlement:
Integration: they complemented one another
Separation: they could not coexist/live together
Liberal outlook: a sense of cooperation - similar to integration
Constructive socialists: kibbutznik etc.

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