The American Civil War (12 avr. 1861 – 9 avr. 1865)

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Since the founding of the United States of America, there was on ongoing debate about slavery, an institution on which the southern states heavily relied on. By the time Abraham Lincoln won the election, fearing the abolition of slavery, southern states decided to leave the union. December the 20th of 1860, South Carolina was the first state to secede from the union, over the next couple of months the rest of the south seceded from the union, with 4 opting to be border states. In the 12th of April, confederate troops took Fort Sumter in South Carolina from union troops, starting the civil war. Although the union had many advantages over the confederacy, such as a much larger population, economy, more troops and better technology, the confederates had one thing on their side: good generals. Confederate generals such as Robert E. Lee and "Stonewall" Jackson sent union troops running, winning the majority of battles until the second half of the war. In 1863, the war hit a turning point, union general George Meade won the Battle of Gettysburg, Pennsylvania, making Robert E. Lee retreat back into Virginia, from then on, the union would win most battles of the remainder of the war. In 1864, union general William Sherman invaded Georgia, taking Atlanta and unleashing hell on the confederates, making his troops live off the land, tear up railroads and free slaves, he then turned his army around to attack South Carolina, the Georgian and Carolinian Armies surrendered. Union general Ulysses S. Grant, who had taken the Mississippi river on the western front, was now in charge of the attack in Virginia. He took the confederate capital of Richmond, Virginia, sending Robert E. Lee running, eventually causing him to surrender at the house of a local farmer. A few months later on the 9th of April, 1865, the last confederate troops in the west surrendered, marking the end of the American Civil War.
The Reconstruction era was the time period after the American Civil War from 1865 to 1877, where the United States had the challenges of reintegrating the states that seceded from the
Union back into the Union and determining the legal status of African Americans.

Added by Spencer

Edited by Gabe

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