Temple at Mt. Gerizim [historical]/(Samaritan Israelite) (1 janv. 445 av. J.-C. – 1 janv. 107 av. J.-C.)

Description:

Archaeological evidence shows two temple edifices on Mt. Gerizim in the northern Land of Israel, one dating to the 5th Century BCE and a larger one to the 2nd Century BCE. This is the temple claimed as legitimate by today's Samaritan community (Samaritan tradition claims a temple at this site dates back to the time of Joshua).

Both were likely built as alternatives to the temple in Jerusalem, the first as a local temple and the second as a rival center. The first temple edifice on Mt. Gerizim relates to events described in the book of Ezra and Nehemia in the Tanakh.

Although Jewish and Samaritan traditions both claim that the communities were distinct by this time (and as such, this temple would not have been "Jewish"), historically there seems to have been a strong connection between this temple and the temple in Jerusalem, with interrelated priesthoods, and a split between Jews and Samaritans only occurring in the late 2nd century BCE.

This temple was destroyed by the Jewish Hasmonean king John Hyrcanus following the Jewish-Samaritan split - the destruction of the Samaritan temple is also documented in Jewish sources.

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