Civilisation - Semester two
Category: Autre
mise à jour avec succès: 28 avr. 2018
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Created byKherbouche Wassim
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Les événements
1776 : The U.S. Declaration of Independence
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The Second Continental Congress issued the
declaration after voting for Independence.1775 : The Beginning of The American Revolutionary War
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The American War of Independence, a global war
between Great Britain and its Thirteen Colonies.1778 : Treaty of Alliance with France
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France had officially recognized the
U.S. as an independent nation and
signed a defensive alliance.
Later breached by the neutrality
speech of George Washington (1793).1783 : Treaty of Paris
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Ended the American Revolutionary War.
Great Britain relinquished large
territories to America.
Some key points of the treaty weren't
honored (Britain didn't vacate Northwest
forts and some states didn't restore
loyalists' properties), these issues were
later fixed with Jay's Treaty.1789 : George Washington's Election
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The first President of the United States.
He was elected unanimously.
His Vice President was John Adams.1792 : George Washington's Re-election
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President George Washington was
re-elected unanimously.The Compromise of 1790
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Alexander Hamilton won the decision
for the national government to take
over and pay the state debts, while
Thomas Jefferson & James Madison
obtained the national capitol for the
south (Washington DC).1790-1840 : The Second Great Awakening
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A protestant religious movement that
affected The American religious identity
a great deal.
New religious denominations emerged.
New social reform movements were
established.The Federal Judiciary Act of 1789
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Congress provided the detailed
organization of the courts that the
Constitution mentioned only in
general terms.
John Jay was appointed First chief
Justice by Washington.1790-1791 : Hamilton's Financial Plan
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The set of measures proposed by
Secretary of the Treasury Alexander
Hamilton to the Congress:
- Paying off all war debts
- Raise government revenues
- Create a national bank1793 : France declares war on Britain
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(The French revolution)1793 : George Washington's Proclamation of Neutrality
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President George Washington declared the nation
neutral in the conflict between France and Great Britain.1793 : The Beginning of The British Impressment
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The British started seizing American ships and
forcing American sailors into military service
claiming they were British citizens.1795 : Jay Treaty
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The treaty averted war between Britain and America,
facilitated peaceful trade between them and resolved
issues remaining since the Treaty of Paris 1783
(occupied forts and Loyalists' confiscated properties).
This treaty angered France and divided Americans.1796 : France Began Attacking American Ships
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The French were infuriated by Jay’s Treaty,
believing it violated the earlier treaty of Alliance
between them (1778). as a result, they started
attacking and seizing American ships.1797 : John Adams' Election
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His Vice President was Thomas Jefferson.1797 : The XYZ Affair
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President Adams dispatched Cotesworth Pinckney,
John Marshall and Elbridge Gerry to France in an
effort to restore peace. They were received by three
agents (XYZ) asking them for a bribe and a loan in
order to meet with the foreign minister.
The Americans were irritted and wanted war.1797 : Creation of The Navy Department
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President Adams commissioned
the building of 40 new ships.1797 : Building up the Army
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President Adams tripled the size
of the army and called George
Washington out of retirement to lead it.1798 : American Navy Started Attacking French Ships
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The newly created Navy hindered the French shipping
and seized almost 90 ships.The Convention of 1800 (Treaty of Mortefontaine)
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The Treaty settled the hostilities that followed the
XYZ affair between America and France.
It officially ended the Treaty of alliance with France (1778).1798 : The Alien and Sedition Acts
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Following the Quasi-war, the Federalist-controlled
Congress passed a series of acts :
- The naturalization act.
- The Alien act.
- The Sedition act.1798-1799 : The Kentucky and Virginia Resolutions
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The Alien and sedition acts were met with resistance
by Jefferson and Madison claiming that those acts were
unconstitutional, so they passed resolutions asserting
that the states can "Interpose" and "Nullify" those acts.The Revolution of 1800 (The Presidential Election of 1800)
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The first ever peaceful transition of power, not through
bloodshed (like it used to be) but through the ballot box.
There was a tie between Jefferson and Burr so the House
of Representatives had to vote, under the influence of
Hamilton the house finally voted for Jefferson.
To avoid similar situations, the 12th Amendment was
issued to change the way elections were performed (1804).1801 : The Midnight Appointments (The Judiciary act of 1801)
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The night before the inauguration of President Jefferson,
Adams expanded the number of judges and appointed
Federalists in these new positions In an attempt to keep
some power for the Federalist party.1801 : Thomas Jefferson's Election1805 : Thomas Jefferson's Re-election1803 : The Louisiana Purchase
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President Jefferson obtained Louisiana
from Napoleon for $15 million, doubling
the surface of the United States.1787: The U.S. Constitution1804-1806 : The Lewis & Clark Expedition
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President Jefferson sent Lewis to explore
the newly purchased Louisiana territory.
Lewis and Clark were helped by a French
trapper and his Indian wife Sacagawea
who acted as interpreters.1805 : Thomas Jefferson's Declatration of Neutrality
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President Thomas Jefferson declared the nation
neutral in the conflict between The French Empire
and Great Britain.1805 : The French Empire Began Seizing American Ships
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The French ignored U.S. neutrality claims and seized
American merchant ships.1805: The British Intensified Their Impressment
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Following Jefferson's demands to leave the US waters,
Great Britain Intensified their impressment by taking
alleged British navy deserters off American vessels
and returning them to British service.1807 : The Embargo Act
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Following the British/French naval attacks,
President Thomas Jefferson Issued the
Embargo act forbidding all foreign commerce.1809 : The Non-Intercourse Act
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Following the failure of the Embargo act,
President Thomas Jefferson Issued the
Non-Intercourse act allowing commerce
with all countries except Britain & France.1809 : James Madison's Election1813 : James Madison's Re-electionJun 18, 1812 : The United States Declared War on Britain
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Due to the continuous Impressment, the British incitement
of Indian tribes against the US and the desire to conquer
Canada and eliminate the British influence once and for all.
The US declared war on Britain.Aug 1812 : Failed Attempt to Invade Canada
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The American campaign in Canada was
a failure they had to retreat, and the British
ended up occupying Detroit.Sep 1813 : The Battle of Lake Erie
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Commodore Oliver Hazard Perry annihilates
the British fleet at the Battle of Lake Erie.Oct 1813 : General Harrison Reconquers Detroit
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Upon Captain Perry's success, General William Henry Harrison
reconquered Detroit, pushed into Canada and defeated the
fleeing British and Indians on the Thames River.Aug 1814 : The British Burned Washington DC
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British troops marched into Washington and
burned it, President Madison flees to Virginia.Sep 1814 : The Battle of Lake Champlain
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Commodore Thomas Macdonough defeats
a British flotilla on Lake Champlain.Dec 1814 : The Treaty of Ghent
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Americans and British diplomats agreed for the
cessation of hostilities, the restoration of conquests
and the settlement of boundary disputes.Dec 1814 : Hartford Convention
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A secret meeting of Federalists in Hartford where they
discussed their dissatisfaction with “Mr. Madison’s War”
and even raised the possibility of secession.
This marked the demise of the Federalist Party.Jan 1815 : The Battle of New Orleans
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Unaware that the treaty of Ghent was signed,
Andrew Jackson scored a great land victory
against the British at New Orleans.Périodes
The American Revolutionary War (1775-1783)British Naval Impressment – 1793-1812War of the First Coalition (1792-1798)
(French Revolutionary Wars)George Washington's Presidency
(1789 - 1797)John Adams' Presidency
(1797 - 1801)The Quasi-War (1798-1800)
(Undeclared War, France vs U.S.)Thomas Jefferson's Presidency
(1801-1809)The Napoleonic Wars (1803–1815)
(France & Allies vs Britain & Allies)James Madison's Presidency
(1809-1817)The War of 1812 (1812-1815)
(Between The U.S. and Britain)
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