American history x
Category: Autre
mise à jour avec succès: 21 févr. 2018
Auteurs
Created bySejr Bundesen Sommerlund
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Les événements
Paleo-americans cross the frozen
Bering land bridge from AsiaThey travel south between the laurentide & Cordilleran ice sheets, following herds of large herbivoresThe Clovis culture develops stone tools to hunt Mammoths, Bisons & CamelopsHiawatha & the Great peacemaker found the Iroquois ConfederacyChristopher Columbus reaches the new worldPonce de León arrives in Florida.
Spanish settlements come up in Florida & New MexicoThe French traders establish outposts along the Mississippi riverThe English establish the Roacnoke colony in virginiaThree years later the colony is mysteriously desertedThe Virginia colony is established at JamestownJohn Rolfe marries Pocahontas, the daughter of the Powhatan chief and starts the plantation of TobaccoThe first African slaves are brought to work the Tobacco plantationsThe pilgrims, a religious group escaping persecution in England arrive on the Mayflower and set up the Plymouth colonyHalf the pilgrims die in the first winter, The survivors are helped by the native Americans16.000puritans (strict protestants) settle in massachussets bay colony.Harvard university is esstablishedNew Netherlands (new York & New Jersey) is seized from the dutchGeorgia, the last of the 13 British colonies, is establishedThe colonial population is 2 million, compared to Britain's 6 millionAltough subject to British taxes, the colonists have no representation in parliamentViolent anti-tax protests lead to the Boston MasscreProtestors throw an entire shipment of tea (worth $2 million today) into Boston harborPatriot militia stand up to the British troops sent to disarm them at Lexington & ConcordRepresentatives of the 13 colonies sign the Declaration of IndependenceThe continental army is raised under the command of George WashingtonThe Americans win a decisive victory at Saratoga. This convinces France to join the war on the American side.The British surrender to American & French fores after the seige of YorktownBritian recognizes the independence of the 13 colonies at the treaty of Paris. The United States becomes the first country to gain independence from an European power.A new constitution is drawn up by Thomas Jefferson
George Washington becomes the first president in 1789The Republic of Texas once part of Mexico, is annexed by the United StatesThe Oregon treaty with Britain gives American pioneers access to the Pacific northwestCalifornia & the Southwest are won in the Mexican American war. Settlers rush west after the gold is discoveredThe American South produces 3/4th of the world's cotton.
South's plantation-based economy is heavily dependent on slaveryAbraham Lincoln is elected president. He is against the expansion of slavery11 southern states break away & form the Confederate States of AmericaThe Confederate army attacks Fort Sumter starting the American Civil War. They defeat the union army again at Bull Run.The Unionists wins the battles of Shiloh and Antietam with heavy casualties on both sides.Lincoln issues the Emancipation Proclamation, declaring all slaves in the south to be free.The Union army halts the Confederate invasion of the North at Gettysburg.The Union army leads a devastating 'March to the sea' in Georgia cutting the confederacy in half.After 4 years of bitter fighting & 635.000 lives lost, the Civil War is over. Lincoln is assassinated the previous month.The 13th Amendment abolished slavery in the United StatesAfter a period of reconstruction, Jim Crow Laws are passed in the southern enforcing segregation & vigilante violence against BlacksAlaska is purchased from Russia for $7.2 millionThe first Transcontinental Railroad is built reducing coast to coast travel time from 6 months to 6 daysCowboy drive 5 milion wild cattle from Texas to the railhead in KansasWestward migration transforms the great plains into the breadbasket of AmericaThe settlers hunt the American Bison to near extinctionThe results is conflict with the plains Indians whose way of life depends on the animalAn alliance of indian tribes defeats the US army at the battle of little Bighorn. They win the battle but lose the war and also their landsThomas Edison invents the filament Light Bulb and build powerplants to supply homes & industries with electricity4 standard time zones are introduced for uniform train schedulesThe Statue of Liberty is presented to the United States as a gift by the people of FranceOver the next 20 years, Lady liberty will welcome more than 12 million immigrants to a rapidly industrializing America
Italians, Irish & Poles move into cities while Germans & Scandinavians spread out to farmlandsScottish immigrant Andrew Carnegie pioneers the mass production of steelThe Republic of Hawaii is annexed. Puerto Rico & Guam are acquired in the Spanish American warSteel fuels the rise of the skyscraper and the modern American cityMassive Oil deposits are discovered in Texas, making America the world’s largest oil producerThe Wright brothers make the first controlled heavier that air flight at Kitty hawk, NCHenry ford launches the Model T, the world’s first mass produced affordable carLos Angeles, the fastest growing city in America, accounts for 80% of the world’s film industry1.6 million African Americans migrate from south to cities in the north. The first ghettos come up.American expeditionary forces help the allies (Britain & France) defeat the German empire in World War 1After decades of struggle, American women finally the right to voteThe US Stock Market collapses in the Wall Street Crash of 1929.
The great Depression begins.Unemployment reaches 25% and the GDP shrink by 15%
Fierce winds in the great plains destroy farmland during the Dust Bowl
Rural families migrate west in search of workPresident Franklin D. Roosevelt introduces ‘New Deal’ policies to deal with the Depression
The New Deal has limited success.
it is going to take something bigger to pull America of the depression.
Massive public works such as the Hoover dam are undertaken.
Social Security provides old age pensions & unemployment benefitsAs war breaks out in Europe, 2 million workers are hired to produce arms & supplies for the Allies
December 7, 1941- The empire of Japan launches a surprise attack on the naval base at
Pearl Harbor killing 2,400 AmericansThe US joins the Allies against the Axis powers, The US Navy inflicts
irreparable damage on the Japanese fleet at the battle of MidwayThe US leads the Allied invasion of Normandy (D-day) to liberate FranceAfter Japan refuses to surrender, the US drops atomic bombs destroying the cities of Hiroshima & Nagaski
Although more than 400,000 American lost their lives in the war, American emerges more powerful than ever.
The US is founding member of the United Nations and a permanent member of the Security CouncilThe suburban housing explosion & Interstate highways change the American landscape
Post War America is a superpower with a turbocharged economy
The US is locked in a struggle for global dominance with another superpower - the Soviet Union
Both sides support rival sides in communist vs non-communist struggle around the world. And both build huge stockpiles of nuclear weoponsMeriwether Lewis & William Clark are assigned to map the new territory. With the help of Sacagawea they reach the pacific ocean in 1805.New
eventFrontiersmen & tappers roam the unorganized territory acquiring animal furs for trade.Steamboats begin plying on the Mississippi riverFlorida is acquired from Spain. The US fights 3 wars with the native SeminclesThe Erie canal links the great lakes to New York City & the Atlantic oceanPériodes
The Mississippian culture develops agriculture and cities based around huge ceremonial moundsThe Anasazi people build great cliff dwelling called PueblosLousiana territory is purchased from France for $15 mil, doubling the country's sizeNative Americans are forcibly relocated to reservations by the Indian removal acts. Thousands die on the 'trail of tears'Industry & ImmigrationSale and consumption of Alcohol is banned during the Prohibition. Organized criminal gangs come up in urban America65 million babies are born in the fifteen years following the war
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