"Study Nature, Not Books"
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mise à jour avec succès 3 févr. 2018
A timeline of important events surrounding the nature study movement that affected American science education curriculum. Produced from The Science Education of American Girls, by Kim Tolley.
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Created byChristina Baze
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Les événements
1805 - Object teaching1812 - No female teachers in America1852 - Massachusetts passes first compulsory attendance laws for elementary school1862 - Morrill Act1887 - Hatch Act1875 - Parker becomes superintendent of Quincy, MA schools1891 - Jackman published Nature Study for the Common Schools curriculum1880 - Inception of the Agassiz Association1893 - Bureau of Nature Study established1893 - Committee of Ten1906 - Public Opinion publishes article "Industrial Competition of Women with Men"1906 - Female teachers campaign for equal pay1908 - American Nature Study Society founded with female president1909 - Ella Flagg Young becomes superintendent of Chicago public schools1911 - Equal pay for female teachers1911 - Elementary teachers of Boston won legislative approval for $1000 salary1912 - Article “The Feminizing of Culture” published1912 - Article “The Monopolizing Woman Teachers” published1918 - All states have compulsory attendance laws1923 - League of Women Voters proclaim Anna Comstock one of 12 greatest women in America1925 - nature study in virtually every curriculumPériodes
Mid-1800s: textbooks begin to be devoted to individual sciences1859-1864 - Percentage of female teachers
more than doubles (from 20-46%)1890s - 65% of teachers are female1891-1915 - Peak of the nature study movement1891-1893 - Agricultural Depression1896-1897 - Oakland teachers begin to develop and implement a course of study for first 8 years of school1896-1913 - Occurrences of female county superintendents rises1920s - National Supervisors of Nature Study and Gardening1921-22 - Women represent 87% of elementary and 64% secondary teachers
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