1 janv. 1230 - Secular Monophony in Courts

Description:

Also: Troubadour/Trouver songs travel to Germany and Italy. Rise of Minnelieder, etc...

• Trobar
o Or “Trouver” which means “to seek out” in French
o Southern France (Trobar) verses Northern (Trouver)
 Troubadour and Trouvere, respectively.
 Trobairitz was also southern, but referred to women
• William IX, Count of Poitiers & Duke of Aquitaine (1071-1127)
o Poitiers is from Nothern, and Aquitaine is another name for southern france
• Eleanor of Aquitaine (c. 1122-1204) & Bernart de Ventadorn & the Angevin kingdom (c. 1122-1204)
o Active patroness of Troubadour poets
o Married two different kings
• Louis VII of France, Henry II of England
• Countesses of Champagne & Blois; Richard the Lionheart (1157-99) & Blondel
o Countesses (daughters of Eleanor): Northern France, own entourages that composed in the Northern French dialect
o Lionheart & Blondel:
 Lionheart gets captured on the way back to France
 Imprisoned in a castle
 3,500 silver for the ransom
 Blondel sung Lionheart’s favorite song to find him, who was a troubadour
• Langue d’oc & Langue d’oeïl
o South & north
o Versions of the word “yes”
• Dating: Albigensian Crusade (1209-44); Simon de Montfort [Rec. 15105]
o Grinds Trouvere to a halt, as northern knights accuse southern of heresy
o Simon was the leader of this crusade
• General characteristics:
o Sirventes
 Servant song, song of labor
o Tenso
 Dialogue
o Pastorela
 Shepherds
o Many other types, too

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