1 janv. 1882 - Congress passes Chinese Exclusion Act

Description:

-pacific coast democrats created anti-immigration fervor
-republicans in west wanted to act then
-Congress was pressured into the 1875 Page Act (barred importation of women for prostitution, ppl used it to target Chinese women, including married women and prospective brides from joining their husbands in the U.S.)
-The Chines Exclusion Act: The 1882 race-based law that barred Chinese laborers from entering the United States. Later applied to other Asian immigrants as well, it was not repealed until 1943 (when U.S. and Chinese soldiers fought together against Japan in WW2).

result:
-asian Americans (specifically Chinese and later japaneses immigrants) petition the courts to protect their rights
-Supreme court says all U.S.-born ppl, even if their parents were immigrants, were citizens.
-first generation Chinese immigrants couldn't apply for citizenship

meanwhile:
-japanese (jobs in agriculture, rail roads, and canneries)+ a few korean immigrants arrived
-1906: U.S. attorney general said they too couldn't become citizens.

long-term results:
-basis for 1920's exclusion policies
-Congress+courts gave new powers to immigration officials
-term "illegal immigrants" as ppl tried to chase opportunity by walking across borders or hiding in ships. some disguised as Mexicans and passed away in the desert while trying to reach Arizona or cali
-paper sons: would-be immigrants who relied on Chinese residents in the U.S. who made false documents stating they were American-born. They memorized pages of info about their supposed lives. San Franscico's 1906 earthquake destroyed port's records.

Ajouté au bande de temps:

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