1 janv. 1648 - Peace of Westphalia

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French started having victories over the spanish and everyone was ready for there to peace ands so the war in Germany was ended by the peace of westphalia and the Spanish and French wars ending with the peace of pyrenees. From this France became the most dominant power in Europe. It led to freedom of religion and some exchange of territory and the 300 states of the HRE were basically independent making the emperor less powerful. Separation of religion and politics - individual choice and calvinism allowed. Economies in Germany were mostly devastated, but some where untouched. In both Germany and the HRE, ther ewas economic and population loss.

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