1 sept. 1861 - Four Upper South states secede (Virginia, Arkansas, North Carolina, Tennessee)

Description:

secession fever less intense here (fewer slaves)

*even more divided in Maryland, Delaware, Kentucky, and Missouri (nonslaveholding farmers had most power)(understood that civil war would be on their land)

at fist, virginians and tennessians urged a compromise.

-encouraged after fort sumpter

-8 middle states accounted for two-thirds of whites in the slaveholding states, three-fourths of their industrial production, and well over half of their food. had military leaders (lee from Virginia, recommended to lincoln to lead the army but he resigned), geographically strategic (ohio river to move troops/supplies w/ Kentucky, Maryland bordered DC on 3 sides)

-virginia secedes (historically slave-owning society)

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