27 nov 1971 - 1971 - Mars 2 and 3 Lander

Description:

The Soviets sent probes Mars 2 Lander and Mars 3 Lander (in December). Mars 3 Lander became the first probe to contact Mars but failed after twenty seconds after landing. Mars 2 Lander failed on descent. They were supposed to return transmissions of photographs, chemical compositions, meteorological conditions, and atmospheric compositions of the planet,