5 nov 1919 - MOAP liquidated by cheka in epic gun fight, and subsequent arrests. Q: was MOAP part of makhnovshina, or its own group? finding members were all kontrraz founders...
Description:
The last centre of resistance of the Moscow "Anarchists of the Underground" was the dacha in Kraskovo, where the print shop and
bomb laboratory were located. On November 5, 1919, the dacha was
surrounded by a squad of 30 Chekists led by Mantsev and Martinov.
A battle raged for two and half hours, with both sides blasting away
at close range. Finally the underground anarchists blew themselves up.
Subsequently the "Special Strike Group of the VCK
for the Struggle with Banditism” was created for the liquidation of
branches of the anarchist underground in other cities of Russia.
This Group hunted down “anarchists of the underground" also in
Ukraine. Thus, in Kharkov the Group arrested a member of MOAP, the Latvian anarchist K. Kapostin, who was later shot.
Relevant for the present work is the question: should the Pan-Russian Committee of the "Anarchists of the Underground" be regarded
as an independent organization or as a special operations unit of the
Makhnovist Kontrrazvedka? In favour of the first interpretation is
the wide scope of the Committee, which had branches in Bryansk,
Tula, Ivanovo-Voznesensk, Samara, Ufa, etc. The Kontrrazvedka
didn't send its agents to these places. But if one looks at MOAP, its
nucleus was made up of kontrarazvedniks: Sobolev, Kovalevich,
Glazgon, Grechanikov, and Tsintsiper. According to Kubanin Glazgon and Tsintsiper arrived in the Makhnovshchina together
with Chernyak and were both well experienced in kontrrazvedka
work. Certainly Soviet historians had no doubts about this
ques-
tion, beginning with Yakovlev (1921) according to whom the combat
groups of the "Anarchists of the Underground" were dispatched to
Russian cities by the Makhnovist VRS. 157) Similarly Bychkov (1934)
wrote about the creation of MOAP by a coalition of Left S-Rs and
Anarcho-Makhnovists.
Is it possible that such reasoning was simply convenient for the
Soviet authorities as the basis for repression against the Makhnovsh-
china? No. As evidence of a special operation of the Kontrrazvedka
of the RPAU(m) there are the leaflets and the testimonies of the
Moscow "anarchists of the underground" themselves. Thus, according to the MOAP “Proclamation", the blowing up of the MK RKP(b) was revenge for the shooting in Kharkov of members of
Makhno's staff. Belash directly states that MOAP was a created
by Makhnovist kontrrazvedniks. Even while MOAP was being
liquidated by the Chekists, Glazgon was planning to return to
Makhno for reinforcements. And finally, the anarchist Baranovsky
in his testimony conjectured that “later, after Denikin's defeat, an
agreement would be reached between Makhno and the Bolsheviks
and the necessity of terrorist struggle against the Bolsheviks on our
part would generally be eliminated. In other words, Baranovsky
made a direct connection between the cessation of struggle of the
anarchists of the underground" and a Soviet-Makhnovist accord,
implying that "the Anarchists of the Underground" were a unit of
the Makhnovist Army.
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