14 janv. 1916 - The Setback Principle

Description:

is a step-like recession in a wall. Setbacks were initially used for structural reasons, but now are often mandated by land use codes, or are used for aesthetic reasons. In densely built-up areas, setbacks also help get more daylight and fresh air to the street level. Importantly, a setback helps lower the building's center of mass, making it more stable.

As cities came to fill with skyscrapers in the early 20th century, planners turned their interest from the layout and footprint of neighborhoods at street level to the volume of buildings as they rose toward the sky.

Equitable Building, constructed in New York in 1915, produced a huge shadow, said to "cast a noonday shadow four blocks long"[1] which effectively deprived neighboring properties of sunlight. New zoning laws in New York City in 1916 (from which the above diagram comes) required buildings to grow narrower the taller they got, so that daylight would still reach the streets below. It resulted a Resolution, which gave New York City's skyscrapers their typical setbacks and soaring designs.

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