7 déc. 1949 - Taiwan (Republic of China) effectively independent from China (PRC)

Description:

On this day, the Republic of China (ROC) officially established themselves on the island of Taiwan after evacuating the republican government and many democratic sympathizers from the mainland. The island of Taiwan was the last place in China to have remained free of Communist Party control, as the local ROC governor was militant in suppressing communist revolts. For a couple decades Taiwan struggled with a single-party dictatorship before civil unrest shifted the government to a true democracy.

Today Taiwan is one of the most prosperous nations on Earth, with a very high quality of life. However, despite effectively being completely independent from China, Taiwan is not an official UN member state. The majority of UN members officially view the PRC as the sole government of all of China, including the island of Taiwan (sometimes called the One China Policy). China refuses trade and diplomacy with nations which officially recognize Taiwan, and for many countries that's simply a sacrifice they can't afford. Only 15 UN members officially recognize the independence of Taiwan. Many countries, however, get around China's policy by only having economic ties to Taiwan and by keeping any diplomacy to unofficial channels.

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