29 déc. 1884 - Formation of INC

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The foundation of the Indian National Congress was first laid in December 1885, though the idea of an Indian nationalist movement opposed to British rule dated from the 1850s. The year 1885 marked a turning point in this process, for that was the year the political Indians, the modern intellectuals interested in politics who saw themselves as representatives of national interest. Hume organised the first meeting in Bombay with the approval of the Viceroy Lord Dufferin (Chandra 1989). The first session of the Congress was held on 28th December, 1885 presided over by Wyomesh Chandra Banerjee, which was attended by 72 delegates. Other important delegates included DadabhaiNaoroji, Justice Ranade, Pherozeshah Mehta, K.T. Telang and DinshawWacha (Bandyopadhyay 2004).
During its first several decades, the Congress Party passed fairly moderate reform resolutions, though many within the organization were becoming radicalized by the increased poverty that accompanied British imperialism. By the end of the nineteenth century, it became quite apparent that moderate leadership of the Congress was unable to bring any significant change in the policies and administration of the British in India. It created reaction and thinking grew among young leadership that no good would be served without struggle.
In the 1920s and ’30s the Congress Party, led by Mohandas (Mahatma) Gandhi, began advocating nonviolent noncooperation. Many of the acts of civil disobedience that followed were implemented through the All India Congress Committee, formed in 1929, which advocated avoiding taxes as a protest against British rule.
Outcome- The Congress led India to Independence in 1947 after a long struggle when the British government of Clement Attlee passed an independence bill in July 1947, and independence was achieved in August.

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