jan 1, 400 BC - PLATO
Description:
THE FOUR CARDINAL VIRTUES BELONGING TO THE “STATE”; WISDOM, FORTITUDE or COURAGE, TEMPERANCE, JUSTICE
• JUSTICE IS THE HIGHEST VIRTUE AND IT NCLUDES ALL OTHERS. IT REQUIRES INDIVIDUALITY, TOO. EVERY MEMBER OF THE STATE SHOULD BE ‘JUST’.
• SOCIAL AND INDIVIDUAL GOODS ARE DEFINED.
• IDEAL RULERS ARE DESCRIBED FOR AN IDEAL STATE; HE SHOULD BE A PHILOSOPHER,
A LOVER OF WISDOM, COMBINING INTELLECTUAL INSIGHT WITH PRACTICAL INTELLIGENCE. THEY SHOULD BE EDUCATED FOR LITERATURE, ART, GYMNASTIC, MATHEMATICS (so that he will know how to generalize and find the accuracy in details), AND TESTED FOR FORTITUDE. CHIEF RULERS MUST BE CHOSEN FROM THOSE
WHO ARE BEST QUALIFIED IN DIALECTICS (WISDOM).
• HIGHEST GOOD: ABSOLUTE GOOD IN THE FORM OF IDEAS, IDEALS AND REASON IN
THE UNIVERSE.
• HE DEFINED MORTAL BODY AND IMMORTAL SOUL
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