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American history
Creado
Erna salcinovic
⟶ Actualizado 21 feb 2018 ⟶
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21.000 bc - 1492 pre columbian America
Paleo-americans cross the frozen Bering land bridge from Asia.
They travel south between the Laurentide and Cordilleran ice sheets, following herd of large herbivores.
The Clovis culture develops stone tools to hunt Mammoths, Bisons and Camelops
Hiawatha and the Great peacemaker found the Iroquois Confederacy.
Christopher Columbus reaches the New World.
Ponce de Leon arrives in Florida. Spanish settlements come up in Florida and New Mexico
The French traders establish outposts along the Mississippi river.
The English establish the Roanoke colony in Virginia.
Three years later the colony is mysteriously deserted.
The Virginia colony is established at Jamestown.
John Rolfe marries Pocahontas, the daughter of the Powhatan chief and starts the plantation of Tobacco
The first African slaves are brought to work the Tobacco plantation.
The Pilgrims, a religious group escaping persecution in England arrive on the Mayflower and set up the Plymouth colony.
Half the Pilgrims die in the first winter. The survivors are helped by the native Americans.
16.000 Puritans (strict protestants) settle the Massachussets Bay colony.
Harvard University is established.
New Netherlands (New York and New Jersey) is seized from the Dutch.
Protesters throw an entire shipment of tea (worth $2 million today) into Boston Harbour,
Patriot militia stand up to the British troops sent to disarm them at Lexington and Concord.
The Oregon treaty with Britain gives American pioneers access to the Pacific northwest
Violent anti tax protests lead to the Boston Massacre.
The Americans win a decisive victory at Saratoga. This convinces France to join the war on the American side.
The British surrender to American and French forces after the seige of Yorktown.
Britain recognizes the independence of the 13 colonies at the treaty of Paris. The United States becomes the first country to gain independence from an European power.
An new constitution is drawn by Thomas Jefferson.
George Washington becomes the first president.
Louisiana territory is purchased from France for $15 million, doubling the country´s size.
Meriwether Lewis and William Clark are assigned to map the new territory. With the help of Sacagawea they reach the Pacific ocean in 1805.
Frontiersmen and trappers roam the unorganized territory acquiring animal furs for trade.
Steamboats begin plying on the Mississippi river.
Florida is acquired from Spain. The US fights. 3 wars with the native Seminoles
The Erie canal links the Great lakes to New York City & the Atlantic ocean
The republic of Texas, once part of Mexico, it annexed by the United States
California & the Southwest are won in the Mexican American war. Settlers rush west after gold is discovered
The American South produces 3/4th of the world’s cotton. South’s plantation based economy is heavily dependent on slavery
Abraham Lincoln is elected president. He is against the expansion of slavery.
11 Southern states break away & form the Confederate States of American
The confederate army attacks Fort Sumter starting the American Civil War. The defeat the Union army again at Bull Run.
The US Stock Market collapses in the Wall Street Crash of 1929.
Unemployment reaches 25% and the GDP shrinks by 15%. Fierce winds in the great plains destroy farmland during the Dust Bowl. Rural families migrate west in search of work.
President Frnaklin D. Roosevelt introduces “New Deal” policies to deal with the depression. Massive public works such as the Hoover dam are undertaken. Social security provides old age pensions and unemployment benefits. The New Deal has limited success. It is going to toka something bigger to pull America out of depression.
As war breaks out in Europe, 2 million workers are hired to produce areas and supplies for the Allies. December 7, 1941: The empire of Japan launches a surprise attack on the naval base at Pearl Harbour killing 2400 Americans
The US joins the Allies against the Axis powers. The US navy inflicts irreparable damage on the Japanese fleet at the battle of Midway.
The US leads the Allied invasion of Normandy (D-day) to liberate france.
After Japan refuses to surrender, the US drops atomic bombs destroying the cities og Hiroshima and Nagasaki. Although more than 400.000 American lost their lives in the war, American emerges more powerful than ever. The US is a founding member of the United Nations and a permanent member of the security Council.
Over the next 20 years, Lady Liberty will welcome more than 12 million immigrants to a rapidly industrializing American. Italians, Irish & Poles move into cities while Germans & Scandinavians spread out to farmlands.
Scottish immigrant Andrew Carnegie pioneers the mass production of steel
Steel fuels the rise of the skyscraper and the modern American city
The republic of Hawaii is annexed. Puerto Rico & Guam are acquired in the Spanish - American war
Massive Oil deposits are discovered in Texas, making America the world’s largest oil producer
The Wright brothers make the first controlled heavier than air flight at Kitty hawk, NC
Henry Ford launches the Model T, the world’s first mass produced affordable car.
The Unionists wins the battles of Shiloh and Antietam with heavy casualties on both sides.
Lincoln issues the EMancipation Proclamation, declaring all slaves in the south to be free.
The Union army halts the Confederate invasion of the North at Gettysburg.
The Union army leads a devastating ‘March to the sea’ in Georgia cutting the Confederacy in half
After 4 years of bitter fighting & 635,000 lives lost, the Civil War is over. Lincoln is assassinated the previous month.
The 13th Amendment abolishes slavery in the United States.
After a period of reconstruction, Jim Crow laws are passed in the South enforcing segregation & vigilante violence against blacks
Alaska is purchased from Russia for $7.2 million
The First Transcontinental Railroad is built reducing coast to coast travel time from 6 months to 6 days
Cowboys drive 5 million wild cattle from Texas to the railhead in Kansas
Westward migration transforms the great plains into the breadbasket of America
The settlers hunt the American Bison to near extinction
The results is conflict with the plains Indians whose way of life depends on the animal.
An alliance of indian tribes defeats the US army at the battle of Little Bighorn. They win the battle but lose the war and also their lands.
Thomas Edison invents the filament Light Bulb and builds powerplantes to supply homes & industries with electricity
4 standard time zones are introduced for uniform train schedules
The Statue of Liberty is presented to the United States as a gift by the people of France
The Suburban housing explosion and Interstate highways change the American landscape. Post-war American is a superpower with a turbocharged economy. The US is locked in a struggle for global dominance with another superpower - the violet union. Both sides support rival sides in communist vs non-communist struggles anround the world. And both build huge stockpiles of nuclear weapons.
The US under John F Kennedy discovers Soviet nuclear bases in Cuba and persuades the USSR to back down.
Martin Luther King JR leads the non-violet movement for civil rights. The Civil Rights Act outlawing segregation is passed.
The US sends combat troops to fight against communist guerillas in Vietnam.
Neil Armstrong becomes the first man to set foot on the moon.
Amidst growing protests and economic slowdown, the US backs out from the unsuccessful Vietnam war.
President Nixon resigns after being found guilty of bugging the Watergate office of his Democrat opponents.
President Ronald Reagans free market reforms spur economic growth.
Bill Gates (microsoft) and Steve Jobs (apple) popularize personal computers with easy to use interfaces.
Reafan supports anti-communist movements across the world, contributing to fall the Soviet Union.
Origainating from US defense networks, the Internet spreads to the general public American entertainment, brands and culture spreads across the world.
9/11 2001: A series of terrorists attacks by the Islamic terrorist group Al Qaeda leaves 3000 deads. President George W. Bush announces the War on terror leading to the invasion of Afghanistan and Iraq.
Hispanic Americans replace African Americans as the largest minority.
Collapse of the housing bubble causes the worst financial crisis after the great depression. Barack Obama becomes the first African American President. He launches major financial and healthcare reforms.
Osama bin Laden, the leader og Al qaeda is killed by US speciak forces in Pakistan.
December: American forces are withdrawn from Iraq ending the Iraq War.
Instability in the region leads to the rise of the Islamic State (ISIS).
Donald Trump becomes the 45th president of the United States. His election and policies spark numerous protests.
The United States remains the largest economy in the world, accounting for a quarter of the global GDP. The US is also home to some of the world's biggest companies and ranks first in quality or Business Environment. The US is the foremost military power in the world, making up a third of global military spending. However the United States fares poorly in safety and security compared to other developed countries.
American exeditionary forces help the allies (Britain & France) defeat the German empire in World War 1
After decades of struggle, American women finally win the right vote
Los Angeles, the fastest growing city in America, accounts for 80% of the world’s film industry.
1.6 million African Americans migrate from the south to cities in the north. The First ghetto come up
Períodos
The Mississippian culture develops agriculture and cities based around huge ceremonial mounds.
The Anasazi people build great cliff dwellings called Pueblos.
American Revolution.
Westward Expansion.
Native Americans are forcibly relocated to reservations by the Indian Removal Act. Thousands die on the ‘trail of tears’
World war 2
Superpower
65 million babies are born in the fifteen years following the war.
Modetn Unites states
Sale and consumption of Alcohol is banned during the prohibition. Organized criminal gangs come up in urban America.