Key Historical Figures Throughout The Hundred Years War (24 Mai 1337 Jahr – 29 Mai 1453 Jahr)

Beschreibung:

Here are two-sentence summaries for each of
Martin Luther:
Martin Luther was a German theologian and reformer who sparked the Protestant Reformation in 1517 by posting his Ninety-Five Theses criticizing Catholic practices. He challenged papal authority, advocated for justification by faith alone, and translated the Bible into German, becoming a central figure in the early Protestant movement.

John Calvin:
John Calvin was a French theologian who developed Calvinism, a major branch of Protestant theology. He served as a pastor in Geneva, Switzerland, implementing strict moral codes and developing his influential theological treatises, including "Institutes of the Christian Religion."

Henry VIII:
Henry VIII was King of England from 1509 to 1547, initially a loyal Catholic but who broke away from Rome to establish the Church of England with himself as its head. He famously divorced his first wife, Catherine of Aragon, leading to the English Reformation and the creation of the Anglican Church.

Elizabeth I:
Elizabeth I ruled England from 1558 to 1603, earning the nickname "Virgin Queen" for her long reign without marrying. She strengthened the Church of England, promoted arts and culture, and led England to victory against the Spanish Armada, becoming one of England's most beloved monarchs.

Philip II of Spain:
Philip II was King of Spain from 1556 until his death in 1598, playing a major role in the Catholic Counter-Reformation. He sponsored missions to convert indigenous peoples in the Americas and supported the Jesuits, while also engaging in wars against Protestant nations like England.

William the Silent:
William the Silent, Prince of Orange, was a Dutch nobleman who led the Dutch Revolt against Spanish rule in the Netherlands. He played a crucial role in the Eighty Years' War, becoming the leader of the Dutch rebels and paving the way for Dutch independence from Spain.

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