Market Revolution (1 Jan 1800 Jahr – 1 Jan 1848 Jahr)

Beschreibung:

Regional Specialization:
- north: Industrial Revolution
- Samuel Slater (1790s)
- Father of the Factory System
- brought English machinery to USA
- Interchangeable parts (Whitney)
- Samuel Morse (1844) -> telegraph
- Factories
- long hours, low wages, dangerous
- Lowell System
- Commonwealth vs. Hunt
- labor unions are allowed by Mass.
Supreme Court
- south: cash crop economy (cotton)
- Inventions:
- McCormick Reaper (1830)
- Cyrus McCormick
- cut and gather more cops
- Steel Plow (1837)
- John Deere
- broke through the soil
- Cotton Gin (1793)
- Eli Whitney
- huge demand for slaves
- Consequences:
- subsistence farming -> large scale
- demand for more land and machinery
- west: agriculture (wheat, livestock, etc.)


Transportation Improvements
- Steamboat Clermont (1807)
- Robert Fulton
- Transportation is cheaper
- Turnpikes
- Cumberland Road in 1811
- Erie Canal (1825)
- New York
- linked Great Lakes to Hudson River
- canal boom from 1820-1830s
- Railroads (1830s)
- fast, more reliable, cheaper than canals
- Impact:
- continental economy by 1860 (communal
reliance)


Population Increase
- Immigration (lots of land, jobs, opportunity)
- Irish Immigrants
- Irish Potato Famine
- largely settled in cities
- hard labor, low wages
- prejudice (stealing jobs, Catholic)
- support for Democrats
- German Immigrants (diverse group)
- Germany is not a united nation
- mix of religions
- wide variety of social
classes/occupations
- largely settle in Old Northwest
- German communities
- Nativists
- Reasons:
- "took" jobs from USA natives
- would outvote USA natives
- would ruin USA culture
- Know Nothing Party
- group of American nativists
- advocated for immigration restrictions


Growth of Cities


Western Expansion


Big Ideas
- southern cotton is used in the north (reliance)
- increase in INTERNAL slave trade
- national network of industry and commerce
- changes in family dynamics (women and
children enter factories) ("cult of domesticity"
is still in place)

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