Nixon Presidency (8 Jan 1969 Jahr – 7 Aug 1974 Jahr)

Beschreibung:

President Nixon took a strong line against black power, ordering the FBI to crush the Black Panther organisation, which it did.

Politically, Nixon followed a 'Southern strategy', aimed at taking votes from southern democrats opposed to their party's policy on civil rights.

Features of his southern strategy:

- In his 1968 presidential election campaign, he promised Americans opposed to school integration that he would not withhold federal funds from school districts slow to desegregate.

- Nominated conservatives justices to the Supreme Court, for example, Harold Carswell of Florida, a strong supporter of segregation. Conservative judge Warren Burger was appointed as Chief Justice in 1969; Nixon thereby hoped to curb the liberalism of the Warren Court. [contrary to Nixon's hopes, Chief Justice Urger and the 3 other Nixon-appointed justices did not reverse the Warren-Court's decisions on civil rights.

- Used the FBI to crush the Black Panthers

EVIDENCE OF A PRESIDENT HINDERING CIVIL RIGHTS.

HOWEVER [ECONOMIC}

BLACK CAPITALISM was one of Nixon's initiatives. At the start of his presidency, minority businesses were receiving only $8 million of business through government contracts. BY 1972, largely through an office called the Minority Business Enterprise, they were receiving $242 million.
2/3 of the 100 largest black enterprises established by 1974 had been started during the Nixon administration

AFFIRMATIVE ACTION: Nixon hoped that if the lives of at least some black people were improved, this would reduce the possibility of black violence and millions of black people might also become Republican supporters. Affirmative Action was introduced as a formal government policy in 1969.

Executive Order 11578 required all employers with federal contracts to draft affirmative action policies were operating in over 300,000 firms.

This can also be used as evidence of a president helping to facilitate economic improvement.

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