First Great Awakening (1 Jan 1730 Jahr – 1 Jan 1750 Jahr)

Beschreibung:

More precisely dated at 1730-40.
Most significant impact in American colonies which were moving significantly at this time (socially and geographically). Denominations introduced different ideas such as individualism and the middle class and itinerant preachers became increasingly common (such as George Whitefield and John Wesley).

Caused the decline of the American Parish System which dated back to the Medieval Period (One church per parish, and parish priests had unquestionable authority. Maintained social hierarchy, especially in the South.).

Payton Randolf favored parish system and Gilbert Tennant defended itinerant preachers.

Effects:
Dissolution of the parish system.
Social religious pluralism/freedom introduced.
Formed the basis for the Second Awakening.
Splinters Puritans in New England (Old Calvinists-hard conservatives, moderate New Lights-Edwards-purify church from within, separatists/radical New Lights-welcomed all revivals, Old Lights-against revivals on grounds of superstition).

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